Statistics

2019 Health Manpower Survey
Summary of the Characteristics of Healthcare Personnel Enumerated

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I. Type of Healthcare Personnel Covered

1.1The 2019 HMS covered 16 types of healthcare personnel, majority of whom are not subject to statutory registration but, together with other registered healthcare personnel, making up the health services functional constituency under section 20I of the Legislative Council Ordinance (Cap. 542). The list of healthcare personnel covered in this survey was as follows -

• Audiologist
• Audiology Technician
• Chiropodist / Podiatrist
• Clinical Psychologist
• Dental Hygienist
• Dental Surgery Assistant
• Dental Technician / Technologist
• Dental Therapist
• Dietitian
• Dispenser
• Educational Psychologist
• Mould Laboratory Technician
• Orthoptist
• Prosthetist / Orthotist
• Scientific Officer (Medical)
• Speech Therapist

1.2As it was not feasible to obtain the full list of these 16 types of healthcare personnel practising in Hong Kong, the unit of enumeration was confined to employment institution.

1.3Similar to the 2014 HMS, the list of institutions in which healthcare personnel were likely to be employed was built up by combining information from various sources, eliminating duplicates and correcting irregularities. The information sources used for building up the survey frame for the 2019 HMS included:

(i)Office for Registration of Healthcare Institutions, Department of Health
- lists of private hospitals, nursing homes, medical clinics and exempted clinics

(ii)Drug Office, Department of Health
- lists of licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers and authorised sellers of poisons

(iii)Research and Statistics Section, Social Welfare Department (SWD)
- list of welfare institutions subvented by SWD and with healthcare personnel
- list of private elderly homes with healthcare personnel

(iv)Professional Development & Special Education Branch, Education Bureau (EDB)
- list of special schools subvented by EDB and with healthcare personnel

(v)Webpage of Education Bureau
- lists of private school / secondary school, direct subsidy primary / secondary school / post-secondary education institutions / international school

(vi)Employment Statistics and Central Register of Establishments Section, Census and Statistics Department (C&SD)
- list of establishments (registered with the Business Registration Office) in relevant industries （Appendix I）

1.4The survey frame established from the above sources was then supplemented by cross-checking with that of the 2014 HMS and refined through removal of obvious duplicates and irrelevant records after telephone confirmation.

1.5Based on the survey frame established from different sources, questionnaires were sent to 26 940 addresses.

II. Results of Enumeration by Type of Institutions

2.1A total of 7 223 questionnaires were invalid because the institutions had moved or ceased business, the questionnaires were duplicate or the addresses were residential addresses.

2.2The remaining number of institutions i.e. 19 717 were covered in the 2019 HMS. If the institution’s headquarters could provide the information for its branches / sub-offices, the headquarters needed only to fill in one questionnaire for the institution. As the counting rule of institutions covered in the 2019 HMS is different from those surveys before 2005, the figures on institutions covered in the 2019 HMS should not be compared to those surveys before 2005.

2.3These 19 717 institutions were classified as below:

Type of institutions	Number covered
Government	7
Hospital Authority	1
Academic Institution	1 672
Subvented	1 574
Elderly Home / Nursing Home	772
Large Subvented Organisation	86
Medical Clinic / Centre	54
Nursery / Child Care Centre	253
Rehabilitation Institution	349
Special School	60
Private	16 463
Dental Clinic & Surgery	1 257
Dental Laboratory	143
Elderly Home / Nursing Home	445
Exempted Clinic	32
Medical Consultancy	635
Medical Equipment Company	1 635
Medical Clinic / Centre	1 148
Medical and X-ray Laboratory	345
Nursery / Child Care Centre	643
Optical Company / Shop	1 152
Miscellaneous Health Services	1 062
Pharmaceutical Company	3 227
Physiotherapy Centre / Clinic	215
Private Hospital	12
Private Practitioner’s Office	2 280
Rehabilitation Institute	74
Others	2 158
Total	19 717

2.4Of the 19 717 institutions analysed, 16 233 had responded to the survey, giving an overall response rate of 82.3% as shown below:

		2019 HMS
Number covered	(a)	19 717
Number not responded		3 484
Non-contact after at least seven attempts		3 255
Refusal		229
Number responded	(b)	16 233
With healthcare personnel employed		1 999
Healthcare personnel are directly employed		1 373
Healthcare personnel are indirectly employed		626
No healthcare personnel employed		10 873
Others*		3 361
Overall response rate	(c) = (b) / (a)	82.3%

Chart A: Response Rate of InstitutionsText Version

Total number of institutions analysed = 19 717

Notes：

* Others refer to those institutions which were identified to have headquarters and the figures were reported by the headquarters. Percentage may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

2.5Apart from the 3 361 institutions which were identified to have headquarters, among the remaining 12 872 responding institutions, 1 999 (15.5%) were found to have employed healthcare personnel (in which 68.7% were found to have employed healthcare personnel directly and 31.3% were found to have employed healthcare personnel indirectly), while 10 873 (84.5%) had not employed any healthcare personnel at all.

III. Characteristics of Healthcare Personnel Enumerated

3.1Audiologists

3.1.1Audiologists refer to the healthcare personnel who hold a Master of Science degree in Audiology from a Hong Kong university, or equivalent.

3.1.2A total of 87 audiologists (79 full-time and eight part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.1.3Among the 87 audiologists enumerated, 34 (39.1%) were male and 53 (60.9%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 64 (Table B).

3.1.4Of the 87 audiologists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 47 (54.0%) were employed by the private sector, 26 (29.9%) by the Hospital Authority, nine (10.3%) by the Government and five (5.7%) by the subvented sector (Table B).

3.2Audiology Technicians

3.2.1Audiology technicians refer to the healthcare personnel who hold the Certificate of Audiology Technicians’ Training Course and the Certificate of qualifying examinations issued by a recognised institute, or equivalent.

3.2.2A total of 43 audiology technicians (40 full-time and three part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.2.3Among the 43 audiology technicians enumerated, 28 (65.1%) were male and 15 (34.9%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 187 (Table B).

3.2.4Of the 43 audiology technicians enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 36 (83.7%) were employed by the private sector, five (11.6%) by the Hospital Authority and two (4.7%) by the subvented sector (Table B).

3.3Chiropodists / Podiatrists

3.3.1Chiropodists / podiatrists refer to the healthcare personnel who hold a degree in Podiatry, Podiatric Medicine or Podiatric Studies or equivalent, and is eligible for professional registration of Podiatrist (or equivalent) in the country where the qualification was conferred.

3.3.2A total of 68 chiropodists / podiatrists (56 full-time and 12 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.3.3Among the 68 chiropodists / podiatrists enumerated, 28 (41.2%) were male and 40 (58.8%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 70 (Table B).

3.3.4Of the 68 chiropodists / podiatrists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 53 (77.9%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, 12 (17.6%) by the private sector and three (4.4%) by the subvented sector (Table B).

3.4Clinical Psychologists

3.4.1Clinical psychologists refer to the healthcare personnel who hold a Master’s Degree or Doctoral Degree in Clinical Psychology from a Hong Kong university, or equivalent.

3.4.2A total of 515 clinical psychologists (430 full-time and 85 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.4.3Among the 515 clinical psychologists enumerated, 98 (19.0%) were male and 417 (81.0%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 24 (Table B).

3.4.4Of the 515 clinical psychologists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 182 (35.3%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, 141 (27.4%) by the Government, 84 (16.3%) by the subvented sector, 80 (15.5%) by the private sector and 28 (5.4%) by the academic sector (Table B).

3.5Dental Hygienists

3.5.1Dental hygienists refer to the healthcare personnel who enrolled with the Dental Council of Hong Kong under the Ancillary Dental Workers (Dental Hygienists) Regulations (Cap. 156).

3.5.2A total of 271 dental hygienists (172 full-time and 99 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.5.3Among the 271 dental hygienists enumerated, 18 (6.6%) were male and 253 (93.4%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 7 (Table B).

3.5.4Of the 271 dental hygienists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 250 (92.3%) were employed by the private sector, 12 (4.4%) by the Government and nine (3.3%) by the academic sector (Table B).

3.6Dental Surgery Assistants

3.6.1Dental surgery assistants refer to the healthcare personnel who assisted dentists in the treatment of patients.

3.6.2A total of 2 806 dental surgery assistants (2 419 full-time and 387 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.6.3Among the 2 806 dental surgery assistants enumerated, 61 (2.2%) were male and 2 745 (97.8%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 2 (Table B).

3.6.4Of the 2 806 dental surgery assistants enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 2 227 (79.4%) were employed by the private sector, 344 (12.3%) by the Government, 174 (6.2%) by the academic sector, 51 (1.8%) by the subvented sector and ten (0.4%) by the Hospital Authority (Table B).

3.7Dental Technicians / Technologists

3.7.1Dental technicians / technologists refer to the healthcare personnel who hold a Diploma in Dental Technology issued by the Hong Kong Polytechnic University or the Prince Philip Dental Hospital or equivalent qualification, or has at least 4 years’ experience as a dental mechanic apprentice.

3.7.2A total of 182 dental technicians / technologists (170 full-time and 12 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.7.3Among the 182 dental technicians / technologists enumerated, 110 (60.4%) were male and 72 (39.6%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 153 (Table B).

3.7.4Of the 182 dental technicians / technologists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 108 (59.3%) were employed by the private sector, 46 (25.3%) by the Government, 25 (13.7%) by the academic sector and three (1.6%) by the Hospital Authority (Table B).

3.8Dental Therapists

3.8.1Dental therapists refer to the healthcare personnel who have completed the requisite period of training and passed the Dental Therapist Certificate Examination, or with an Advanced Diploma in Dental Therapy awarded by a recognized Hong Kong institution, or equivalent qualification.

3.8.2A total of 238 dental therapists (237 full-time and one part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.8.3Among the 238 dental therapists enumerated, 35 (14.7%) were male and 203 (85.3%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 17 (Table B).

3.8.4Of the 238 dental therapists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, all of them were employed by the Government (Table B).

3.9Dietitians

3.9.1Dietitians refer to the healthcare personnel who held a Bachelor of Science Degree or a post-graduate diploma or Master’s Degree in Dietetics inclusive of an internship, and with any of the following qualifications or equivalent: (i) Registered Dietitian of Commission of Dietetic Registration, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (USA); or (ii) Registered Dietitian of Health & Care Professions Council (UK); or (iii) Registered Dietitian of Provincial Registration, Dietitians of Canada; or (iv) Accredited Practising Dietitian of Dietitians Association of Australia.

3.9.2A total of 366 dietitians (291 full-time and 75 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.9.3Among the 366 dietitians enumerated, 72 (19.7%) were male and 294 (80.3%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 24 (Table B).

3.9.4Of the 366 dietitians enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 184 (50.3%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, 130 (35.5%) by the private sector, 27 (7.4%) by the subvented sector, 20 (5.5%) by the Government and five (1.4%) by the academic sector (Table B).

3.10Dispensers

3.10.1Dispensers refer to the healthcare personnel who held (a) a Certificate of Competency from the former Medical and Health Department, a Certificate in Dispensing Studies from the Vocational Training Council or equivalent and (i) in either case has completed a 3-year on-the-job training organised by the former Medical and Health Department, the Department of Health, the Hospital Authority, or (ii) 3 years’ on-the-job training in dispensing in recognised institutions 1 year of which should be post-certificate, or (b) obtained the Higher Diploma in Pharmaceutical Technology awarded by the Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (formally Hong Kong Technical College (Chai Wan), Vocational Training Council), or (c) who has obtained a Bachelor of Science Degree in Pharmacy from a university or equivalent institution.

3.10.2A total of 2 232 dispensers (2 158 full-time and 74 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.10.3Among the 2 232 dispensers enumerated, 920 (41.2%) were male and 1 312 (58.8%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 70 (Table B).

3.10.4Of the 2 232 dispensers enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 1 369 (61.3%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, 726 (32.5%) by the private sector, 79 (3.5%) by the Government, 49 (2.2%) by the subvented sector and nine (0.4%) by the academic sector (Table B).

3.11Educational Psychologists

3.11.1Educational psychologists refer to the healthcare personnel who held a Master’s or Doctoral Degree in Educational or School Psychology (Professional Practice) and a Bachelor Degree in Psychology, or equivalent.

3.11.2A total of 250 educational psychologists (179 full-time and 71 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.11.3Among the 250 educational psychologists enumerated, 50 (20.0%) were male and 200 (80.0%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 25 (Table B).

3.11.4Of the 250 educational psychologists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 85 (34.0%) were employed by the Government, 68 (27.2%) by the subvented sector, 55 (22.0%) by the academic sector and 42 (16.8%) by the private sector (Table B).

3.12Mould Laboratory Technicians

3.12.1Mould laboratory technicians refer to the healthcare personnel who has completed a 3-year training and passed the Mould Laboratory Technicians Examination.

3.12.2A total of 52 mould laboratory technicians (50 full-time and two part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.12.3Among the 52 mould laboratory technicians enumerated, 36 (69.2%) were male and 16 (30.8%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 225 (Table B).

3.12.4Of the 52 mould laboratory technicians enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 30 (57.7%) were employed by the private sector, and the remaining 22 (42.3%) were employed by the Hospital Authority (Table B).

3.13Orthoptists

3.13.1Orthoptists refer to the healthcare personnel who held a diploma or degree in orthoptics, or equivalent and is eligible for registration with the UK Council for Professions Supplementary to Medicine or Orthoptic Board of Australia, or equivalent.

3.13.2A total of 20 orthoptists (18 full-time and two part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.13.3Among the 20 orthoptists enumerated, eight (40.0%) were male and 12 (60.0%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 67 (Table B).

3.13.4Of the 20 orthoptists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 16 (80.0%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, the Government (10.0%) and the private sector (10.0%) each employed two orthoptists (Table B).

3.14Prosthetists / Orthotists

3.14.1Prosthetists / orthotists refer to the healthcare personnel who held a degree in Prosthetics and Orthotics from a Hong Kong university, or equivalent.

3.14.2A total of 170 prosthetists / orthotists (168 full-time and two part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.14.3Among the 170 prosthetists / orthotists enumerated, 114 (67.1%) were male and 56 (32.9%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 204 (Table B).

3.14.4Of the 170 prosthetists / orthotists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 151 (88.8%) were employed by the Hospital Authority, 15 (8.8%) by the private sector, the academic sector (1.2%) and the subvented sector (1.2%) each employed two prosthetists / orthotists (Table B).

3.15Scientific Officers (Medical)

3.15.1Scientific officers (medical) refer to the healthcare personnel who have relevant degree from a Hong Kong university, or equivalent and working experience and are employed under such title in the medical and health sector.

3.15.2A total of 238 scientific officers (medical) (236 full-time and two part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.15.3Among the 238 scientific officers (medical) enumerated, 118 (49.6%) were male and 120 (50.4%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 98 (Table B).

3.15.4Of the 238 scientific officers (medical) enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 136 (57.1%) were employed by the Government, 67 (28.2%) by the Hospital Authority, 34 (14.3%) by the academic sector and one (0.4%) by the private sector (Table B).

3.16Speech Therapists

3.16.1Speech therapists refer to the healthcare personnel who held a Bachelor’s Degree in Speech and Hearing Sciences from a Hong Kong university, or equivalent.

3.16.2A total of 835 speech therapists (706 full-time and 129 part-time) were employed by the covered institutions as at 31.3.2019 (Table A).

3.16.3Among the 835 speech therapists enumerated, 129 (15.4%) were male and 706 (84.6%) were female, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 18 (Table B).

3.16.4Of the 835 speech therapists enumerated as at 31.3.2019, 429 (51.4%) were employed by the subvented sector, 176 (21.1%) by the private sector, 123 (14.7%) by the Hospital Authority, 80 (9.6%) by the academic sector and 27 (3.2%) by the Government (Table B).

IV. Limitations of Findings

4.1The survey findings represented the situation as at the survey reference date -- 31.3.2019. Analysis on the characteristics of healthcare personnel employed was based on the data collected on those enumerated institutions only.

4.2Since the survey was conducted through sending the questionnaires to all the covered institutions, the information of individual practising healthcare personnel was not available.

4.3The results of the current survey are not strictly comparable to that of the previous ones before 2005 due to the difference in survey methodology and reference date.

4.4Since some groups of healthcare personnel enumerated were small, readers should interpret the relevant statistics with caution.

Table A : Number of Healthcare Personnel Enumerated by Sector as at 31.3.2019 Text Version

Type of Healthcare Personnel	Government			Hospital Authority			Academic			Subvented			Private			Total
	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total	Full- Time	Part- Time	Sub-total
Audiologists	9 (11.4%)	0 (0.0%)	9 (10.3%)	25 (31.6%)	1 (12.5%)	26 (29.9%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	5 (6.3%)	0 (0.0%)	5 (5.7%)	40 (50.6%)	7 (87.5%)	47 (54.0%)	79 (90.8%)	8 (9.2%)	87 (100.0%)
Audiology Technicians	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	5 (12.5%)	0 (0.0%)	5 (11.6%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (5.0%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (4.7%)	33 (82.5%)	3 (100.0%)	36 (83.7)	40 (93.0%)	3 (7.0%)	43 (100.0%)
Chiropodists / Podiatrists	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	49 (87.5%)	4 (33.3%)	53 (77.9%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	3 (25.0%)	3 (4.4%)	7 (12.5%)	5 (41.7%)	12 (17.6%)	56 (82.4%)	12 (17.6%)	68 (100.0%)
Clinical Psychologists	141 (32.8%)	0 (0.0%)	141 (27.4%)	174 (40.5%)	8 (9.4%)	182 (35.3%)	18 (4.2%)	10 (11.8%)	28 (5.4%)	61 (14.2%)	23 (27.1%)	84 (16.3%)	36 (8.4%)	44 (51.8%)	80 (15.5%)	430 (83.5%)	85 (16.5%)	515 (100.0%)
Dental Hygienists	12 (7.0%)	0 (0.0%)	12 (4.4%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	7 (4.1%)	2 (2.0%)	9 (3.3%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	153 (89.0%)	97 (98.0%)	250 (92.3%)	172 (63.5%)	99 (36.5%)	271 (100.0%)
Dental Surgery Assistants	344 (14.2%)	0 (0.0%)	344 (12.3%)	10 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)	10 (0.4%)	166 (6.9%)	8 (2.1%)	174 (6.2%)	42 (1.7%)	9 (2.3%)	51 (1.8%)	1 857 (76.8%)	370 (95.6%)	2 227 (79.4%)	2 419 (86.2%)	387 (13.8%)	2 806 (100.0%)
Dental Technicians / Technologists	46 (27.1%)	0 (0.0%)	46 (25.3%)	3 (1.8%)	0 (0.0%)	3 (1.6%)	25 (14.7%)	0 (0.0%)	25 (13.7%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	96 (56.5%)	12 (100.0%)	108 (59.3%)	170 (93.4%)	12 (6.6%)	182 (100.0%)
Dental Therapists	237 (100.0%)	1 (100.0%)	238 (100.0%)	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	N.A	237 (99.6%)	1 (0.4%)	238 (100.0%)
Dietitians	20 (6.9%)	0 (0.0%)	20 (5.5%)	163 (56.0%)	21 (28.0%)	184 (50.3%)	3 (1.0%)	2 (2.7%)	5 (1.4%)	15 (5.2%)	12 (16.0%)	27 (7.4%)	90 (30.9%)	40 (53.3%)	130 (35.5%)	291 (79.5%)	75 (20.5%)	366 (100.0%)
Dispensers	79 (3.7%)	0 (0.0%)	79 (3.5%)	1 366 (63.3%)	3 (4.1%)	1 369 (61.3%)	9 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)	9 (0.4%)	43 (2.0%)	6 (8.1%)	49 (2.2%)	661 (30.6%)	65 (87.8%)	726 (32.5%)	2 158 (96.7%)	74 (3.3%)	2 232 (100.0%)
Educational Psychologists	80 (44.7%)	5 (7.0%)	85 (34.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	31 (17.3%)	24 (33.8%)	55 (22.0%)	43 (24.0%)	25 (35.2%)	68 (27.2%)	25 (14.0%)	17 (23.9%)	42 (16.8%)	179 (71.6%)	71 (28.4%)	250 (100.0%)
Mould Laboratory Technicians	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	22 (44.0%)	0 (0.0%)	22 (42.3%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	28 (56.0%)	2 (100.0%)	30 (57.7%)	50 (96.2%)	2 (3.8%)	52 (100.0%)
Orthoptists	2 (11.1%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (10.0%)	14 (77.8%)	2 (100.0%)	16 (80.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (11.1%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (10.0%)	18 (90.0%)	2 (10.0%)	20 (100.0%)
Prosthetists / Orthotists	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	151 (89.9%)	0 (0.0%)	151 (88.8%)	2 (1.2%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (1.2%)	2 (1.2%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (1.2%)	13 (7.7%)	2 (100.0%)	15 (8.8%)	168 (98.8%)	2 (1.2%)	170 (100.0%)
Scientific Officers (Medical)	136 (57.6%)	0 (0.0%)	136 (57.1%)	67 (28.4%)	0 (0.0%)	67 (28.2%)	32 (13.6%)	2 (100.0%)	34 (14.3%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.4%)	236 (99.2%)	2 (0.8%)	238 (100.0%)
Speech Therapists	27 (3.8%)	0 (0.0%)	27 (3.2%)	115 (16.3%)	8 (6.2%)	123 (14.7%)	47 (6.7%)	33 (25.6%)	80 (9.6%)	380 (53.8%)	49 (38.0%)	429 (51.4%)	137 (19.4%)	39 (30.2%)	176 (21.1%)	706 (84.6%)	129 (15.4%)	835 (100.0%)

Notes：

Figures refer to the number of healthcare personnel reported by their employment institutions as at 31.3.2019. Figures in bracket refer to the respective percentage shares of the row total. There may be slight discrepancy between the sum of individual items and the total due to rounding. N.A Not Applicable

Table B : Selected Characteristics of Healthcare Personnel Enumerated Text Version

Type of Healthcare Personnel	Characteristics
	Number of Personnel Enumerated as at 31.3.2019	Sex ratio (males per 100 females)	Median age	Sector of work
Audiologists	87	64	43.5	Private	47 (54.0%)
				Hospital Authority	26 (29.9%)
				Government	9 (10.3%)
				Subvented	5 (5.7%)
Audiology Technicians	43	187	38.9	Private	36 (83.7%)
				Hospital Authority	5 (11.6%)
				Subvented	2 (4.7%)
Chiropodists / Podiatrists	68	70	35.6	Hospital Authority	53 (77.9%)
				Private	12 (17.6%)
				Subvented	3 (4.4%)
Clinical Psychologists	515	24	40.1	Hospital Authority	182 (35.3%)
				Government	141 (27.4%)
				Subvented	84 (16.3%)
				Private	80 (15.5%)
				Academic	28 (5.4%)
Dental Hygienists	271	7	32.0	Private	250 (92.3%)
				Government	12 (4.4%)
				Academic	9 (3.3%)
Dental Surgery Assistants	2 806	2	33.6	Private	2 227 (79.4%)
				Government	344 (12.3%)
				Academic	174 (6.2%)
				Subvented	51 (1.8%)
				Hospital Authority	10 (0.4%)
Dental Technicians / Technologists	182	153	46.0	Private	108 (59.3%)
				Government	46 (25.3%)
				Academic	25 (13.7%)
				Hospital Authority	3 (1.6%)
Dental Therapists	238	17	47.3	Government	238 (100.0%)
Dietitians	366	24	35.6	Hospital Authority	184 (50.3%)
				Private	130 (35.5%)
				Subvented	27 (7.4%)
				Government	20 (5.5%)
				Academic	5 (1.4%)
Dispensers	2 232	70	36.3	Hospital Authority	1 369 (61.3%)
				Private	726 (32.5%)
				Government	79 (3.5%)
				Subvented	49 (2.2%)
				Academic	9 (0.4%)
Educational Psychologists	250	25	36.3	Government	85 (34.0%)
				Subvented	68 (27.2%)
				Academic	55 (22.0%)
				Private	42 (16.8%)
Mould Laboratory Technicians	52	225	45.3	Private	30 (57.7%)
				Hospital Authority	22 (42.3%)
Orthoptists	20	67	45.3	Hospital Authority	16 (80.0%)
				Government	2 (10.0%)
				Private	2 (10.0%)
Prosthetists / Orthotists	170	204	40.2	Hospital Authority	151 (88.8%)
				Private	15 (8.8%)
				Academic	2 (1.2%)
				Subvented	2 (1.2%)
Scientific Officers (Medical)	238	98	41.9	Government	136 (57.1%)
				Hospital Authority	67 (28.2%)
				Academic	34 (14.3%)
				Private	1 (0.4%)
Speech Therapists	835	18	32.6	Subvented	429 (51.4%)
				Private	176 (21.1%)
				Hospital Authority	123 (14.7%)
				Academic	80 (9.6%)
				Government	27 (3.2%)

Notes ：

Figures refer to the number of healthcare personnel employed by the employment institutions as at 31.3.2019. There may be slight discrepancy between the sum of individual items and the total due to rounding.